《道德经》Tao Te Ching (1 - 11) (中英对照)
簡單蒙福的恩來-102670 10/25 4460《道德经》Tao Te Ching (11) (中英对照)
三十輻,共一轂,當其無,有車之用。埏埴以為器,當其無,有器之用。鑿戶牖以為室,當其無,有室之用。故有之以為利,無之以為用。
Thirty spokes unite around the nave;
From their not-being (loss of their individuality)
Arises the utility of the wheel.
Mold clay into a vessel;
From its not-being (in the vessel's hollow)
Arises the utility of the vessel.
Cut out doors and windows in the house (-wall),
From their not-being (empty space) arises the utility of the house.
Therefore by the existence of things we profit.
And by the non-existence of things we are served.
【翻譯】
三十支車輪輻共同會合於中間的車輪轂,車輪轂因為中間空無,所以才有車子的用途。延展土坏以做為器具,當他中間空虛無有的時候,才有器具的用途。鑿開門窗打造宮室,當它空虛無有時,才有宮室的用途。所以實有而讓物體有了利益,虛無而讓物體有了用途。
【釋義】
《周禮·冬官考工記》:「轂也者,以為利轉也。輻也者,以為直指也。」《說文》:「轂,輻所湊也。」轂音「谷」,在車輪中央,車輻交會處,中空。輪子因轂中空而能夠轉動,讓車行走,所以說「當其無,有車之用」。轂因中空,中間虛無,而有車子的應用。
埏或作挻,長也,揉之使延長的意思。《說文》:「埴,黏土也。」
戶牖:即門窗。戶為單扇的門,牖為木窗。
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