美著名學者教唆「顏色革命」 「非暴力顛覆」八大步驟 香港「雨傘」是美國「製造」 “Color Revolution”: Hong Kong’s Umbrellas are “Made in USA”
Johnson Choi-1008 10/29 116055.0/2
美著名學者教唆「顏色革命」 「非暴力顛覆」八大步驟 香港「雨傘」是美國「製造」 “Color Revolution”: Hong Kong’s Umbrellas are “Made in USA”
美國政治學者吉恩．夏普(Gene Sharp)以透過非暴力運動推翻政權的論述著稱，在西方被吹捧為「非暴力抵抗教父」，其提出的理論更成為全球多次「顏色革命」的藍本。夏普所著的《從獨裁到民主》，更被追隨者奉為「顏色革命聖經」。 夏普的著作被翻譯成包括中文的多種語言，其中《從獨裁到民主》詳細介紹了如何使用非暴力行動推翻政權，更總結出198種「非暴力」抗爭手段。雖然書中文字僅針對獨裁政權，但實際為示威者肆意衝擊合法政權提供一步步的指引。夏普的示威手段大致可歸納成「以非暴力顛覆政權」的八大步驟。
1. 要有「戰略規劃」
夏普稱，對政權的反抗可以不同方式開始，實質上是偶然性的，例如政權某一行動可能激怒群眾，引發他們抗議，卻對怎麼結束毫無概念。夏普稱，示威策劃者須評估好政治局勢和群眾情緒甚麼時候成熟，決定何時推行哪種示威舉措。 文章稱，行動要成功必須要有戰略規劃，大意是指計算一個行動方針，規劃如何從當前形勢達到所期望的未來局勢。為達到此目標的規劃，通常展開一系列分階段的「戰役」和其他有組織的活動，旨在加強群眾和社會力量的同時，削弱政權的力量。 夏普更警告，示威最終目的不能只是推翻當前政權，而是要建立新政權，否則有產生「另一個暴君」的風險。
2. 準備好對抗清場
示威很多時會遇上警方武力清場，夏普稱，策劃者尤其要清楚評估暴力的臨界點，確定如何承受、反擊或避免這種可能加緊的鎮壓。具體戰術上，這包括預先警告示威者，讓他們得知有關風險。 文章指，如果預想到會有武力鎮壓，規劃者最好事先考慮採用有助於實現解放或某個「戰役」的具體目標，又能減少被鎮壓可能性的戰術和方法。夏普警告，街頭示威、遊行或抗議也許很有戲劇性，但也可能造成龐大死傷的風險，而示威者付出高昂代價換來的效果，實際上不一定比每個人呆在家中、罷工或公務員大規模不合作的行為要好。 夏普稱，如果有人建議為某個策略目的，需採取有大量傷亡風險的挑釁行動，那麼應非常小心考慮代價和可能的收穫，亦要確保示威者在過程中是否遵守紀律和非暴力，以及是否能抵制有人煽動採用暴力。 以2011年埃及反政府示威活動為例，示威者佔據開羅解放廣場，公然違抗當局勒令離開的命令。儘管當局武力驅散，但示威者繼續佔領，被視為該次運動的象徵。
3. 利用同一顏色扮團結
從格魯吉亞「玫瑰革命」、烏克蘭「橙色革命」和吉爾吉斯斯坦「鬱金香革命」，到近年中東「茉莉花革命」，均可見示威者利用某一顏色或標誌，作為團結和凝聚群眾的手段，讓運動不致因為群眾意見不一，變成一盤散沙而瓦解。
4. 借歷史名人「過橋」
印度聖雄甘地採用非暴力手段，擊倒壓逼民眾的不公義法律，把印度從英國殖民政權中解放出來，被視為非暴力運動的典範。這種手段成為後來者仿傚對象。美國黑人民權領袖馬丁路德金藉此幫助美國非裔民眾爭取人權；南非前總統曼德拉則藉此結束南非種族隔離政策。 這些歷史人物的行為引來不少示威活動策劃者仿傚，但很多「非暴力」運動最終變了質。以去年底至今年初的烏克蘭反政府示威為例，示威者不惜強行佔領多幢政府建築物，更多次與防暴警察在街頭展開流血衝突，造成多人死傷。
5.自發掃街 美化示威
《從獨裁到民主》總結出198種「非暴力」手段，包括示威、遊行、罷工及形形式式的所謂「公民抗命」。文章稱，任何能削弱政權，並團結及加強反政權力量的行動，也可視之為成功有效的非暴力「武器」。例如示威者自發執拾示威現場的垃圾、組織示威者履行公民責任清潔街道等，有助凸顯示威者非暴徒或鬧事的烏合之眾，企圖以此爭取普羅大眾的信任和支持。
6. 破壞政權支持基礎
隨示威力量加強，策劃者可推行一些野心更大的不合作和反抗措施，試圖切斷執政者的權力來源，目的是加劇政治癱瘓，最終達致瓦解政權的目標。 夏普指出，規劃和執行反政權行動時，很重要的是仔細注意政權主要支持者和助手，包括他們的內部派系、政黨、警察和官僚，尤其是軍隊。仔細評估軍隊對政權的忠誠度，判斷哪方面可能存在弱點，削弱政權的信任根基，同時增強示威一方的力量。 文章提到，當遇上民間示威，鎮壓是政權可以採取的手段，當中警察和軍隊是行動的基石。此時示威者要展示友善態度，令對方失去鎮壓的口實。示威者展示和平行徑，甚至可能獲對方同情和支持，反成為保護示威者的力量。
7. 誇大警方武力 博同情
參與示威的人多是對現政權不滿，如果能利用政權一些失誤或不當行為，不僅能進一步加強反抗情緒，亦可招攬更多人加入抗議。在顏色革命中，最常見手法是放大軍隊或警方在維持治安時的「暴力」行為，爭取公眾對示威者的同情和支持。 埃及在2011年經過13天的反政府示威，造成多人死傷，但時任總統穆巴拉克拒絕下台，不少示威者開始感到氣餒。這時候，因示威被扣押的科技巨擘Google高層古奈姆，獲釋後在電視上發言，呼籲民眾以團結、勇氣及非暴力繼續示威，為反政府運動再注入動力，翌日更有數十萬示威者上街響應其號召。
8. 與暴力示威者劃清界線
發起示威的組織必須緊守非暴力原則，因為若運動底線失守，非暴力示威亦會隨之變質。夏普稱，組織者在確保示威者遵守此原則的同時，亦要果斷與一些使用或鼓吹暴力的示威者劃清界線。
美學者： 香港「雨傘」是美國「製造」 Speak Out Hong Kong 港人講地 【焦點新聞】 “Color Revolution”: Hong Kong’s Umbrellas are “Made in USA”
繼現時任職美國國防部顧問的白邦瑞日前直認美國資助「香港民主活動」後，現居德國的美國著名國際政治學者F.William Engdahl 近日撰文談及香港出現的「佔中」行動，他直言美國於這場「顏色革命」（或「雨傘革命」）起了關鍵作用，可說是「美國製造」。
該篇刊於加拿大全球化研究中心網站的文章指出，美國之所以會積極推動「雨傘革命」，是因為美國不少官員對中國心懷不滿，特別是中國近年與普京統治的俄羅斯在政治和經濟上建立全面戰略合作關係，包括涉及4000億美元的中俄共建天然氣輸送管項目、籌備金磚國家開發銀行、盧布與人民幣互換協議等。因此，美國通過推出香港問題打擊北京當局，並通過烏克蘭問題打擊俄羅斯。「隨俄羅斯和中國近年越走越近，華盛頓決定給北京製造混亂，一如它借助烏克蘭，向俄羅斯，還有俄羅斯與歐盟的聯繫，製造失序那樣。」
另外，文章指出，香港正在進行的「雨傘革命」所謂的「雨傘」 (包括資源、背後支援等)，其實是華盛頓「製造」的。文章舉出例子，指美國白宮於「雨傘革命」出現後，僅數小時便表態支持這場運動，情況跟美國對烏克蘭所做的一樣，美國國家部門和很多非政府組織支援當地反對者多年。而文章亦提及，佔中行動發起人戴耀廷、陳健民、朱耀明及學民思潮黃之鋒，獲美國國家民主基金會屬下機構美國國際民主研究院於背後支持。其中朱耀明是非政府組織香港人權監察的委員，該組織主要接受美國國家民主基金會資助。
F. William Engdahl 文章英文原文如下：
“Color Revolution”: Hong Kong’s Umbrellas are “Made in USA”
The Washington neo-cons and their allies in the US State Department and Obama Administration are clearly furious with China, as they are with Russia’s Vladimir Putin. As both Russia and China in recent years have become more assertive about defining their national interests, and as both Eurasian powers draw into a closer cooperation on all strategic levels, Washington has decided to unleash havoc against Beijing, as it has unleashed the Ukraine dis-order against Russia and Russian links to the EU. The flurry of recent deals binding Beijing and Moscow more closely—the $400 billion gas pipeline, the BRICS infrastructure bank, trade in rubles and renminbi by-passing the US dollar—has triggered Washington’s response. It’s called the Hong Kong ‘Umbrella Revolution’ in the popular media.
In this era of industrial globalization and out-sourcing of US industry to cheap-labor countries, especially to China, it’s worth taking note of one thing the USA—or more precisely Washington DC and Langley, Virginia—are producing and exporting to China’s Hong Kong. Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People’s Republic of China has been targeted for a color revolution, one that has been dubbed in the media the Umbrella Revolution for the umbrellas that protesters use to block police tear gas.
The “umbrellas” for Hong Kong’s ongoing Umbrella Revolution are made in Washington. Proof of that lies not only in the obscenely-rapid White House open support of Occupy Central just hours after it began, following the same model they used in Ukraine. The US State Department and NGOs it finances have been quietly preparing these protests for years. Consider just the tip of the Washington Hong Kong “democracy” project.
Same dirty old cast of characters…
With almost by-now-boring monotony, Washington has unleashed another of its infamous Color Revolutions. US Government-steered NGOs and US-trained operatives are running the entire Hong Kong “Occupy Central” protests, ostensibly in protest of the rules Beijing has announced for Hong Kong’s 2017 elections. The Occupy Central Hong Kong protest movement is being nominally led by a 17-year-old student, Joshua Wong, who resembles a Hong Kong version of Harry Potter, a kid who was only just born the year Britain reluctantly ended its 99-year colonial occupation, ceding the city-state back to the Peoples’ Republic. Wong is accompanied in Occupy Central by a University of Minnesota-educated hedge fund money man for the protests, Edward Chin; by a Yale University-educated sociologist, Chan Kin-man; by a Baptist minister who is a veteran of the CIAs 1989 Tiananmen Square destabilization, Chu Yiu-ming; and by a Hong Kong University law professor, Benny Tai Yiu-ting, or Benny Tai.
Behind these Hong Kong faces, the US State Department and its favorite NGO, the US Congress-financed National Endowment for Democracy (NED), via its daughter, the National Democratic Institute (NDI), is running the Occupy Central operation. Let’s look behind the nice façade of peaceful non-violent protest for democracy and we find a very undemocratic covert Washington agenda.
Start with Chu Yiu-ming, the Baptist minister chosen to head Occupy Central. The most reverend Chu Yiu-ming is a founder and sits on the executive committee of a Hong Kong NGO– Hong Kong Human Rights Monitor (HKHRM). HKHRM as they openly admit on their website, is mainly financed by the US State Department via its neo-conservative Color Revolution NGO called National Endowment for Democracy (NED).
They state their purpose: “HKHRM briefs the press, the United Nations, local and overseas governments and legislative bodies on Hong Kong human rights issues both orally and through written reports.” In their 2013 Annual Report, the NED reports giving Rev. Chu Yiu-ming’s HK Human Rights Monitor a grant of US$ 145,000. You can buy a boatload of umbrellas for that. Chu’s HKHRM also works with another NED-financed creation, the Alliance for Reform and Democracy in Asia (ARDA).
When Occupy Central top honchos decided to (undemocratically) name the very reverend Chu as leader of Occupy Central this past January, 2014, Chu said it was because “I have more connections with different activist groups, and experience in large-scale social campaigns.” He could have named NED as activist group and the CIA’s 1989 Tiananmen Square as a ‘large-scale social campaign,’ to be more specific. The Baptist preacher admitted that he was named de facto leader of Occupy Central by two other leading organizers of the civil disobedience movement, Benny Tai Yiu-ting and Dr Chan Kin-man, who wanted him “to take up” the role.
Benny Tai is also familiar with the US State Department. Tai, law professor at the University of Hong Kong and co-founder of Hong Kong Occupy Central, works with the Hong Kong University Centre for Comparative and Public Law which receives grants from the NED subsidiary, National Democratic Institute for projects like Design Democracy Hong Kong. The Centre Annual Report states, “With funding assistance from the National Democratic Institute, the Design Democracy Hong Kong website was built to promote a lawful and constructive bottom-up approach to constitutional and political reform in Hong Kong.” On its own website, NDI describes its years-long Hong Kong law project, the legal backdrop to the Occupy demands which essentially would open the door for a US-picked government in Hong Kong just as Victoria Nuland hand-picked a US-loyal coup regime in Ukraine in February 2014. The NDI boasts,
The Centre for Comparative and Public Law (CCPL) at the University of Hong Kong, with support from NDI, is working to amplify citizens’ voices in that consultation process by creating Design Democracy Hong Kong (www.designdemocracy.hk), a unique and neutral website that gives citizens a place to discuss the future of Hong Kong’s electoral system.
The Hong Kong wunderkind of the Color Revolution Washington destabilization, 17-year-old student, Joshua Wong, founded a Facebook site called Scholarism when he was 15 with support from Washington’s neo-conservative National Endowment for Democracy via its left branch, National Democratic Institute and NDI’s NDItech project. And another Occupy Central leading figure, Audrey Eu Yuet recently met with Vice President Joe Biden. Hmmmm.
Cardinal Zen and cardinal sin…
Less visible in the mainstream media but identified as one of the key organizers of Occupy Central is Hong Kong’s Catholic Church Cardinal Bishop Emeritus, Joseph Zen. Cardinal Zen according to the Hong Kong Morning Post, is playing a key role in the US-financed protests against Beijing’s authority. Cardinal Zen also happens to be the primary Vatican adviser on China policy. Is the first Jesuit Pope in history, Pope Francis, making a US-financed retry at the mission of Society of Jesus founder (and, incidentally, the Pope’s real namesake) Francis Xavier, to subvert and take over the Peoples’ Republic of China, using Hong Kong as the Achilles Heel?
Vice President Joe Biden, whose own hands are soaked with the blood of thousands of eastern Ukraine victims of the neo-nazi civil war; Cardinal Zen; Reverend Chu; Joshua Wong; Benny Tai and the neo-conservative NED and its NDI and a bevy of other State Department assets and NGO’s too numerous to name here, have ignited a full-blown Color Revolution, the Umbrella Revolution. The timing of the action, a full two years before the Hong Kong 2017 elections, suggests that some people in Washington and elsewhere in the west were getting jumpy.
The growing Eurasian economic space of China in conjunction with Putin’s Russia and their guiding role in creating a peaceful and very effective counter-pole to Washington’s New World (dis-)Order, acting through organizations such as the Shanghai Cooperation Organization and the BRICS, is the real target of their dis-order. That is really quite stupid of them, but then, they are fundamentally stupid people who despise intelligence.
F. William Engdahl原文連結：http://www.globalresearch.ca/hong-kongs-umbrellas-are-made-in-usa/5409780
不相信香港會是下一個烏克蘭、依拉克、利比亞、埃及、敘利亞？ 就算要捨身成仁、戰死沙場（金鐘 或 旺角），也該死個明明白白吧。答案在這裏。香港佔中事件分析與美國佔領一個國家的12個步驟 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qyqKDomSeUk
